End Homelessness

Canada's Housing Goes Prefab

Published April 11, 2009 @ 09:18PM PT

The U.S. isn't the only country feeling the strain of the economy. Our neighbor to the north has been struggling to stem the rising tide of homelessness. This week, the city of Vancouver is backing a unique approach to provide housing for the homeless: temporary, prefabricated homes.

Back in March, I wrote about the possibility of tiny houses providing temporary shelter from the economic storm. Here's a recap of the "tiny house" concept:

Talk about affordable housing. For just $1,500 a pop, these tiny pallet houses were designed by students at Emily Carr University and are meant to serve as no-frills shelters for the homeless. With a roof and a lock on the door, they sure are safer than tents. 

Ever since this post was published in early March, the conversation in the comment section has been both ongoing and fun to follow. (To that end, thanks to all of those who have offered great thoughts and creative ideas in response to that post!)

Well, it seems the low-cost, temporary modular home idea is catching on. Government officials in Vancouver are backing a plan that would create 550 prefabricated modular units in response to the rising homeless population. Here are details from the Vancouver Sun

The province asked Michael Geller to study the feasibility of the modular concept and he concluded that the idea was a practical one. Geller said capital costs would vary between $37,000 and $46,000 per unit, compared to $302,000 for permanent units already announced by the province.

"One of the true benefits of this approach is that we can have people housed in a matter of months rather than a matter of years," said Geller.

"While some may be concerned that this housing will not be attractive, I think the plans produced to date clearly demonstrate that a great concern may be that it's too attractive and hence will become permanent."

The Vancouver mayor says that this is the "boldest step" that the city has taken to address the city's rising homeless population. I have to agree. $37-46K per unit is a significant investment for a "temporary" fix.

That said, I doubt there will be anything temporary about these prefab homes. Consider schools that bring in "temporary" modular classrooms, only to continue using them 3-5 years later. It's likely these prefab homes will be clustered, underfunded, but counted as affordable housing stock for years to come. I'm not being pessimistic here, I'm just arguing that this "bold" band-aid solution isn't enough. Inclusionary zoning and bold measures to address systemic inequality and poverty are crucial to addressing homelessness i the long-term.

But in the meantime, prefab housing is a creative way to restore dignity for people who may not have any other immediate options. Bravo, Vancouver.

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Comments (9)

  1. michael geller

    Thanks for bringing attention to this initiative...and let me start by saying you are right...there's often nothing more permanent than a temporary solution.  And yes, other more long term solutions must also be implemented.  But this is one way to deliver affordable housing, by utilizing 'free' land.  I would add that the modular housing demonstration projects could deliver about 190 of the 550 'short term' units proposed by the Mayor.

    Your readers interested in addressing homelessness might also want to check out vancouver.24hrs.ca/solutions where the short list of ideas generated by a recent contest can be   found. They can even vote!  Cheers

    Posted by michael geller on 04/12/2009 @ 08:55AM PT

  2. C W

    Thanks. A new source of information for me to look at. I'm extremely interested in prefab housing because so many of the design elements are beautiful and efficient (particularly if you're a minimalist).

    Some countries are doing remarkable things with used shipping containers, and Australia is on the cutting edge with prefab in general. I never considered them in connection with "low income" housing before.

    I hope these dwellings will not be considered temporary though.  I would love to live in one--even at market price--but with our archaic building codes, will probably never have the opportunity.

    Posted by C W on 04/13/2009 @ 12:53PM PT

  3. k L

    I think the concept of this sort of housing is interesting. I don't think the "band aid" method is exactly what is needed, but I suppose even the temporary housing could help in some way. Again, an interesting idea. I wish squatting was more socially and legally acceptable in the United States because I think abandoned buildings could be put to better use.

    Posted by k L on 04/13/2009 @ 06:24PM PT

  4. Andrew Chow

    Why do the units in the proposal costs over $30,000 when the tiny houses cost $1500 per unit? That's a twenty to one ratio.

    Posted by Andrew Chow on 04/13/2009 @ 10:45PM PT

  5. Dina Yazdani

    I'm with Andrew. That's one big profit they're making off of tiny houses. This "temporary band-aid" should be used for homeless people capable of getting on their 2 feet and finding a job, that way when they're thrown out of the house at least they'll have some money in their pockets, and hopefully can afford an apartment of their own.

    Posted by Dina Yazdani on 04/14/2009 @ 06:03AM PT

  6. Andrew Chow

    Thanks for the support, Dina. I was only asking because it occurs to me that perhaps the prefab houses include a lot of facilities that are not in the tiny houses. As it says in the blog, some may object to the many "permanent features".

    I hope Vancouver has looked into what is essential, and what are not. Let's not repeat the same fiasco that happened with the Olympic Village, and ended up way over budget, and over schedule. I believe the philosophy "keep it simple" is best. The many suggestions from the tiny house blog are very useful, so I hope they have considered the implementations of the plan, not only in terms of the physical structures, but also how to organize a community. That's is the key to helping the homeless achieve independence, not prefabricating boxes. The physical structures are the easy part. Heck, for temporarily housing the 5000 homeless in Vancouver for the 2010 Winter Olympics, they can use the hexayurt at $150 a piece. Or, better still, since it will be winter, rent the storage lockers for a month at $80.

    If these prefabricated boxes are going to be semi-permanent features in the city, there has to be a more thought-out plan of how they are integrated into the community and how the homeless is transition from one stage of homelessness onto the next.

    Shannon, would you know where we can access the plan in its entirety? Thanks.

    Posted by Andrew Chow on 04/14/2009 @ 10:02AM PT

  7. Dale  Walker

    I am not a fan of the prefab solution. Simply having a shelter is not the main problem though it is better than nothing. At http://vancouver.24hrs.ca/News/2009/04/08/9047716.html there are ten solutions for homelessness. One of those solutions is from a homeless person. His idea doesn't make much apparent sense:

    Take Notice!

    It’s a pressure-filled world and I am a homeless human being. I suppose I will always be homeless.

    For over thirty years I’ve been homeless and I know what the answer to homelessness is!

    The answer is make the feel better about life.

    Impossible you say? How do we do that?

    I say that you simply take notice, that’s all! TAKE NOTICE and the rest will fall into place.

    ====
    The rant of a long term homeless person, easily ignored. "Make me feel better about life." Yet that is the crux of the matter and an idea that is only hinted at in any of the other nine proposals. It's also not an easy concept to quantify. Community living is a step towards that. Homeless people seek out community on the streets and that is one reason there are so many problems with substance abuse. They do find community but what they do find has no constructive purpose beyond the necessity of camaraderie.

    I propose creating multiple communities that enable residents to develop constructive purposes.

    The homeless population consists of natives, hippies, youth, women, families, and children. The population could also be categorized by experience, those with work experience and etc... And of course by mental capacity and health. Each subset requires an additional solution beyond shelter. In many cases the additional solution could be packaged with the shelter.

    Natives need a community with traditional elders. Hippies need the organic gardening paradise. The youth probably need greater educational opportunities. The formerly employed might do well with a business incubation facility.

    Each of these facilities would be geared towards homeless people with higher functioning abilities and would focus on developing a core structure for self government and sufficiency. In most cases the homeless men and women would run their own facilities. Each facility would take in lower functioning homeless people and provide for their care.

    I am not talking about a temporary solution for people who are transitioning back into "normal" society, although it would function as such for some people, but rather facilities that allow for at least some permanent situations. Villages.

    Temporary solutions are great for people who can be motivated by the fact that their time is running out. Unfortunately, that is a small subset of the homeless. In fact, when homeless people near the end of their stay limits without a solution in sight, they increase their use of substances and even develop animosities towards the shelter providers. What good did we really do them by simply providing a roof and meals for two weeks? Very little good.

    Posted by Dale Walker on 04/14/2009 @ 01:13PM PT

  8. Andrew Chow

    Those are really good points, Dale. I like your idea of graduating from one level of funcioning community to the next. I also like some staggering so that the new comers can get the benefits of those who are moving to the next level. 

    I also agree with the time limits issue. I never felt comfortable with it. I like the idea of having the community meeting periodically to decide if someone is not progressing, and must either do more or return to a previous level. Those who have progressed sufficiently can apply to the next level, and receive approval in a similar format.

    I can see the issue about taking notice and simply acknowledging the homeless person has worth and dignity. That has to be at the root of all the services.

    Posted by Andrew Chow on 04/14/2009 @ 10:50PM PT

  9. Tao Gao

    For prefab housing, $37,000-$46,000 per unit is too much. We have better products with competitive prices. For example, a three bedrooms villa (116.2 sqm) only costs US$20509.30.

    from   aosheng08@sina.com

    Posted by Tao Gao on 08/03/2009 @ 07:10AM PT

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Shannon Moriarty

Shannon has worked in homeless shelters and service organizations in San Francisco, the Triangle region of North Carolina, and currently in the greater Boston area. She is a graduate student studying housing and urban policy at Tufts University.

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